Improvement in condensing milk



ready in familiar ful use,

UNITED STATES JULIUS R. POND, or NEW PATENT OF IC HARTFORD, CONNEOTIU UT.

IMPROVEMENT 'lN CONDENSlNG MILK.

To all iohom it may concern Be itknown that I,JULios R POND, of New Hartford, in the county of Litch field and State of Connecticut, have invented a certainnew and useful Improvement in Condensing Milk; and I do hereby'declarethat the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

No drawings accompany this specification, for the reason that my improvement is a. new process of working, and is not an invention of any form of apparatus, and does not depend upon any particular apparatus, for it can be carried out by the vessels and machinery aluse in milk-'condensin g establishments.

Mr. Gail Borden patented several years since a process of condensing-milk, inwhich the milk to be condensed is, before it is run into the vacuumpan, heated sulfic-ieptly to coagulate the chief portion of the albnminons constituents of it. The object ot' this preliminary coagulation is to prevent the coating of the inner surface of the pan by this albumen, which coating, inasmuch as albumen is coagulable by'heat,- would otherwise take place during the boiling in the pan, and ifit did occur would entirely prevent the condensing of the charge, for the reason that the albnminous coating is a powerful non-conductor, and does notpcrmit heat to penetrate through it to any practical extent; but although thisproc'ess of Mr. Borden is and long has been'in highly successitis open to the objection that the heat necessarily applied to the milk in order to'co agnlate the albnmen-betore runningthe charge into the pan is liable to burn or cook the milk, and to impart to ita taste whichmany consumers find unpleasant. v

On the 5th of J anuary,1864, I obtained Letters Patent of the United States for a process of condensing milk, the chief element inwhich. is the treating of the interior surface of the pan with an oily material in such a manncras to produce upon such surface a thin film of oil or grease before the milk to be. condensed is run into the pan. By this means I am able to entirely dispense .with any preliminary coagulation of the albumen-0t the milk, as no coatingof the pan will take place during the con- (lensing process when the pan is thus oiled. The same process is also. described in'a patent fora further improvement in condensing milk, issued to me November 14, 1865. This method of procedure I have found to be entirely successful; milk is removed from the pan when it has been reduced four to one, as it is technically calledin the businessthatis,whcn four quarts of crude milk-have been evaporated to one quart of condensed milk, which is the usual consistency adopted in practice-the product will be too thin to' suit the taste of many con- .snme'rs; and although it might be madethicker .by'evaporating and condensing it still more, the cost of the product would then be largely increased, because considerably more crude milk would then be required to quantity of condensed milk.

It is found in which to stop'thc evaporation in the pan is, as stated,when the charge has been reduced-about four to one, because this gives a good consist- I 1y before the charge has been condensed four to one,or thereabout moving the milk, raisi or superheating, will produce the proper thickening of the already condensed charge.

, and then, without reng the heat in the pan,

from that point up to about 150 or 160, according to the thickening-which I wish to produce. This is'thcrange whichI prefer but it is obvious thatit may be carried still higher, if desired, and also th lower than 130; vbut eficial effect will be p range I have indicated. g

The length of time during which the superheati'ng is to be continued will vary'nnder diffeient circumstances, of heat employed and I find that the most'benthe extent of the thickit forfrom aboutfiveto twenty minutes, and when so working have attained excellent rebut if a charge of condensed furnish a given I practice that the best pointat ency-in the product at the same time that it as it maybetermed, which I usually carry this superheatingnptoabout130 Fahrenheit, and

at it may-run-somewhat roducedby following the according to the degree ening required. I usually prefer to continue salts; but a little practice wiil best indicate.

the superheating be kept up.

the proper time, though I may say that the lower'the heat employed the longer'should In this way I am able to secure all the benefits of the process pa ten ted by me January 5, 1864, in relation to en tircly avoidin g the burned or cookedtaste in condensed milk, while at the same time I can furnish the condensed productof a proper thickness and body to suit the wants of differing markets.

My process can, if desired, be employed in condensing milk in an open pan; but it will produce the best results when applied inconnection with a vacuum-pan in the usual way.

I wish it to be understood that Ido not claim broadly the superheating of milk, nor broadly the superheating of condensed milk; and I am well aware that Mr. Borden, to whom I have already referred, has practiced the superhcat-. ing of the contents of the pan after the alb umen of the crude milk has first been coagulated in the manner mentioned. My present improved process is entirely distinguishable from this, for the reason that I superhcat'a mawhich would coat the pan in such a manner as to prevent the condensation of the charge were itnot for the application to the inner surface of the pan of some oleaginous, article, as set forth in my patents of January 5, 1864, and November 14, 1865, already referred to. Mr. Borden, on the contrary, only uses thesuperheating in connection with his process of heat ing the crude milk and'coagulating the albnmen in it'bcfore itis put into the pan at all;

What I therefore claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is--1 'The abovedescribed process of condensing milk, consisting in combining the'superheating, in the manner substantially as set forth, with the evaporation in the pan of crude milk, which has been run into the pan in a. cold and uncoagulated state,'substantially as described. JULIUS RJIOND. Witnesses:

' S."D. (Jozznns,

JAS. BUTLER. 

